Chapter 12, Section
1. Because of immigration Northern Europe includes ethnically diverse and densely populated regions, such as the British Isles. Large numbers of European refugees, people who flee to another country for safety, settled in Great Britain.
2. Denmark and Ireland have temperate climates and fertile soil that historically have supported larger populations. Large areas of harsh terrain or climate have led people to live along the coast.
Creative Writing:
The people of northern Europe value caring for their population through education, quality of health care, and other social programs. Northern Europe has some of the world’s most educated populations. School is mandatory for 10 years causing a literacy rate of nearly 100 percent. Northern Europeans have excellent health care and are offered social welfare programs.
Chapter 12, Section 2
1. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Franks established an empire across the region and accepted Roman Catholicism as their religion. The Frankish ruler Charlemagne expanded the Christian kingdom. Charlemagne’s system of land distribution became the basis of feudalism. Throughout history, power struggles for dominance between emperors, nobles, and popes plagued the Holy Roman Empire. European armies fought the Crusades (a series of brutal religious wars) to win Palestine (the birthplace of Christianity) from Muslim rule.
2. During World War II, German Nazi leader Hitler planned and carried out the Holocaust, which was the mass killing of more than 6 million European Jews. This drastically changed the population in western Europe. After World War II, German was divided into Communist East Germany and democratic West Germany.
Creative Writing:
Germany’s social welfare system is funded by the government (typical of western Europe). It provides its citizens with medical care, along with unemployment benefits and many other services. Because of all these services being provided by the government, the government could start to lose money and be unable to provide people with the same benefits.
Chapter 12, Section 3
1. Southern Europe has a long history of emigration because of the millions of southern Europeans that left for the Americas in the 1800s and 1900s. More recently, immigration has outpaced emigration. The majority of the population for Italy, Spain, and Portugal is Roman Catholic. Italy and Spain also has a growing Muslim population due to immigration.
2. Education is valued in southern Europe and is compulsory for all children. Governments fund all health-care programs and provide other social services in southern Europe. Soccer is the most popular sport among spectators and athletes in southern Europe.
Creative Writing:
Ancient Greeks, along with Romans developed many basic architectural elements, including columns, arches, and domes. Many of the world’s greatest works of art have come from southern Europe.
Sunday, November 29, 2009
Chapter 11 homework
Chapter 11, Section 1
1. The Scandinavian Peninsula, in northern Europe, was affected by glaciation. The Alps have been affected by dry, winter winds (foehns) that blow down the mountain and cause avalanches. Many of Europe’s islands, such as Iceland, are created by tectonic or volcanic activity
2. Rivers are vital to Europe’s economy because they have enhanced natural waterways as transportation links by connecting navigable rivers with canals. This has increased the accessibility to water for parts of Europe. Rivers and canals also provide water for irrigation and electricity.
Creative Writing:
The Rhine River is the most important river in Western Europe. It connects many industrial cities to the port of Rotterdam on the North Sea. The Rhine River provides a link between inland areas and a link to the sea.
Chapter 11, Section 2
1. Europe’s Northern latitude and its proximity to the sea influence its climate and vegetation. Westerly winds and the presences if large mountain ranges also affect the climate.
2. Local winds in the midlatitude regions cause changes in the normal weather pattern. A strong north wind from the Alps (mistral) can send gusts of cold air into southern France. Hot, dry winds (siroccos) from North Africa can bring high temperatures.
Creative Writing:
In Dublin, Ireland the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Current bring warm waters from the Gulf of Mexico and other regions near the equator. This creates a marine west coast climate with mild winters, cool summers, and abundant rainfall. Duluth, Minnesota is surrounded by land and borders the Great Lakes. Ocean currents do not affect Minnesota, unlike Ireland, causing a cooler temperature because there is no current creating a warmer climate.
1. The Scandinavian Peninsula, in northern Europe, was affected by glaciation. The Alps have been affected by dry, winter winds (foehns) that blow down the mountain and cause avalanches. Many of Europe’s islands, such as Iceland, are created by tectonic or volcanic activity
2. Rivers are vital to Europe’s economy because they have enhanced natural waterways as transportation links by connecting navigable rivers with canals. This has increased the accessibility to water for parts of Europe. Rivers and canals also provide water for irrigation and electricity.
Creative Writing:
The Rhine River is the most important river in Western Europe. It connects many industrial cities to the port of Rotterdam on the North Sea. The Rhine River provides a link between inland areas and a link to the sea.
Chapter 11, Section 2
1. Europe’s Northern latitude and its proximity to the sea influence its climate and vegetation. Westerly winds and the presences if large mountain ranges also affect the climate.
2. Local winds in the midlatitude regions cause changes in the normal weather pattern. A strong north wind from the Alps (mistral) can send gusts of cold air into southern France. Hot, dry winds (siroccos) from North Africa can bring high temperatures.
Creative Writing:
In Dublin, Ireland the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Current bring warm waters from the Gulf of Mexico and other regions near the equator. This creates a marine west coast climate with mild winters, cool summers, and abundant rainfall. Duluth, Minnesota is surrounded by land and borders the Great Lakes. Ocean currents do not affect Minnesota, unlike Ireland, causing a cooler temperature because there is no current creating a warmer climate.
Monday, November 16, 2009
Chapter 10 homework
Chapter 10, Section 1
1.Agriculture, including cash crops such as coffee, bananas, sugarcane, and soybeans, is the basis of the economies of many Latin American countries. These cash crops are exported by Latin American countries to other countries.
2. Industry is still being developed in Latin America and is not heavily relied on. Since Latin American countries are so dependent on agriculture they run risks because they are depending on one or two export products. Droughts, floods, and volcanic eruptions can destroy crops, which could damage their economy
Creative Writing:
The North American Free Trade Agreement increased the flow of goods, services, and people. Trade increased and continues to grow between Mexico, North America, and Canada. In Mexico, the NAFTA has helped boost exports, increase international investment, and create new jobs. The poor people in Mexico do not feel like the NAFTA has benefited them as much as it has everyone else.
Chapter 10, Section 2
1. Deforestation and slash-and-burn farming, to make more room to grow and to prepare land for crops, have caused centuries-old rain forests to disappear in just a few years.
2. Rapid urban growth will create environmental challenges for Latin American cities. Rural workers migrate to cities and are forced to live in slums which are makeshift communities at the edges of cities. The slums are often destroyed by mud slides, floods, and other natural disasters. Disease spreads rapidly in slums because of unsanitary conditions.
Creative Writing:
Latin America has faced territorial conflicts over disputed regions involving strategic locations or the rights to valuable natural resources. Border wars divert resources that might be used for better development. Because of Latin America’s physical geography, it is vulnerable to natural disasters. They have been many devastating hurricanes in Central America and the Caribbean which destroyed houses and agriculture.
1.Agriculture, including cash crops such as coffee, bananas, sugarcane, and soybeans, is the basis of the economies of many Latin American countries. These cash crops are exported by Latin American countries to other countries.
2. Industry is still being developed in Latin America and is not heavily relied on. Since Latin American countries are so dependent on agriculture they run risks because they are depending on one or two export products. Droughts, floods, and volcanic eruptions can destroy crops, which could damage their economy
Creative Writing:
The North American Free Trade Agreement increased the flow of goods, services, and people. Trade increased and continues to grow between Mexico, North America, and Canada. In Mexico, the NAFTA has helped boost exports, increase international investment, and create new jobs. The poor people in Mexico do not feel like the NAFTA has benefited them as much as it has everyone else.
Chapter 10, Section 2
1. Deforestation and slash-and-burn farming, to make more room to grow and to prepare land for crops, have caused centuries-old rain forests to disappear in just a few years.
2. Rapid urban growth will create environmental challenges for Latin American cities. Rural workers migrate to cities and are forced to live in slums which are makeshift communities at the edges of cities. The slums are often destroyed by mud slides, floods, and other natural disasters. Disease spreads rapidly in slums because of unsanitary conditions.
Creative Writing:
Latin America has faced territorial conflicts over disputed regions involving strategic locations or the rights to valuable natural resources. Border wars divert resources that might be used for better development. Because of Latin America’s physical geography, it is vulnerable to natural disasters. They have been many devastating hurricanes in Central America and the Caribbean which destroyed houses and agriculture.
Sunday, November 8, 2009
Chapter 9 homework
Chapter 9, Section 1
1. The Maya established cites and built terraces, courts and temples. They developed accurate calendars and used astronomical observations to predict solar eclipses. The Aztec civilization established their capital, which is now Mexico City.
2. After gaining independence from Spain, Mexico’s political and economic power remained in the hands of a small group or wealthy landowners, army officers, and clergy. After power struggles, with the backing of military forces and wealthy landowners, caudillos (dictators) became absolute rulers. A constitution in 1917 established Mexico as a federal republic and separated powers into three branches, executive, legislative, and judicial.
Creative Writing:
Mexico’s national sport, bullfighting came from Spanish roots to Mexico when Spanish conquistadors traveled to Latin America. Baseball is thought to come to Mexico from American soldiers. People are also passionate about soccer which may have originated in Japan.
Chapter 9, Section 2
1. Roman Catholicism is the dominant religion.
2. Africans, mixed ethnic groups, Natives, Europeans, and Asians make up the population.
Creative Writing:
While exploring Panama, he realized there was an ocean similar to the Atlantic Ocean on the other side, which is now known as the Pacific Ocean. Later people thought of building a waterway that would create a shortcut between the 2 oceans.
Chapter 9, Section 3
1. Migration has led South America to become disproportionately urban.
2. Stable economies and high standards of living most determine the quality of health care.
Creative Writing:
I would not want to move from a rural area to a city in South America. The cities are densely populated and too crowded and hectic. Finding a job would be harder because so many other people are fighting for the same job.
1. The Maya established cites and built terraces, courts and temples. They developed accurate calendars and used astronomical observations to predict solar eclipses. The Aztec civilization established their capital, which is now Mexico City.
2. After gaining independence from Spain, Mexico’s political and economic power remained in the hands of a small group or wealthy landowners, army officers, and clergy. After power struggles, with the backing of military forces and wealthy landowners, caudillos (dictators) became absolute rulers. A constitution in 1917 established Mexico as a federal republic and separated powers into three branches, executive, legislative, and judicial.
Creative Writing:
Mexico’s national sport, bullfighting came from Spanish roots to Mexico when Spanish conquistadors traveled to Latin America. Baseball is thought to come to Mexico from American soldiers. People are also passionate about soccer which may have originated in Japan.
Chapter 9, Section 2
1. Roman Catholicism is the dominant religion.
2. Africans, mixed ethnic groups, Natives, Europeans, and Asians make up the population.
Creative Writing:
While exploring Panama, he realized there was an ocean similar to the Atlantic Ocean on the other side, which is now known as the Pacific Ocean. Later people thought of building a waterway that would create a shortcut between the 2 oceans.
Chapter 9, Section 3
1. Migration has led South America to become disproportionately urban.
2. Stable economies and high standards of living most determine the quality of health care.
Creative Writing:
I would not want to move from a rural area to a city in South America. The cities are densely populated and too crowded and hectic. Finding a job would be harder because so many other people are fighting for the same job.
Sunday, November 1, 2009
Chapter 8 homework
Chapter 8, Section 1
1.Geographers divide Latin America into three sub-regions-Middle America (Mexico to Panama), the Caribbean, and South America.
2. Major deposits of oil and natural gas lie in the mountain valleys or in offshore areas along the Gulf of Mexico and the southern Caribbean Sea. These resources have helped boost the economies of Mexico and Venezuela.
Creative Writing:
Parts of the Amazon are navigable, with oceangoing ships traveling upstream from the Atlantic coast. The Parana, Paraguay, and Uruguay Rivers provide important commercial water routes between cities and hydroelectric power. The Panama Canal allows ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
Chapter 8, Section 2
1.Tropical Wet, Tropical Dry, Humid Subtropical, and dry climates are represented in Latin America.
2. The elevation within climate regions affects the weather and the type of vegetation within the region. The higher the elevation the colder and less dense regions become.
Creative Writing:
The temperature is around 70 degrees; we had just left the coastal areas and foothills and are now surrounded by broad-leafed and needle-bearing evergreens, many coffee bean and corn fields surround us.
1.Geographers divide Latin America into three sub-regions-Middle America (Mexico to Panama), the Caribbean, and South America.
2. Major deposits of oil and natural gas lie in the mountain valleys or in offshore areas along the Gulf of Mexico and the southern Caribbean Sea. These resources have helped boost the economies of Mexico and Venezuela.
Creative Writing:
Parts of the Amazon are navigable, with oceangoing ships traveling upstream from the Atlantic coast. The Parana, Paraguay, and Uruguay Rivers provide important commercial water routes between cities and hydroelectric power. The Panama Canal allows ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
Chapter 8, Section 2
1.Tropical Wet, Tropical Dry, Humid Subtropical, and dry climates are represented in Latin America.
2. The elevation within climate regions affects the weather and the type of vegetation within the region. The higher the elevation the colder and less dense regions become.
Creative Writing:
The temperature is around 70 degrees; we had just left the coastal areas and foothills and are now surrounded by broad-leafed and needle-bearing evergreens, many coffee bean and corn fields surround us.
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