Chapter 3, Section 1
1. Earth’s tilt causes certain areas to receive more direct sunlight that other places. This causes areas with more direct sunlight to have warmer temperatures than areas that receive little direct sunlight. Earth’s revolution and its tilt changes that amount of sunlight that reaches different locations, causing different seasons.
2.Global warming could cause water to evaporate more quickly from the oceans, increasing humidity and rain. Water evaporation from soil with cause land to dry out more quickly and the air will become more polluted.
Creative Writing: I do not believe global warming is a natural process. As the population rates have increases so has the temperatures and the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere. Human activities such as burning coal and oil are releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, trapping heat. If people would decrease the amount of destructive actions they are taking against the Earth global warming would decrease too.
Chapter 3, Section 2
1. Within each latitude zone, climate follows general patterns. Places in the low latitudes have a warm or hot climate, areas in the high latitudes do not receive direct sunlight and have a cooler climate, and midlatitudes have a temperate climate that ranges from fairly hot to fairly cold. Earth’s atmosphere thins as altitude increases causing temperature to decrease, regardless of latitude.
2. Wind patterns, such as the polar easterlies, push cold air toward the midlatitudes. At the equator global winds are diverted leaving a windless band called the doldrums causing still, hot weather. Ocean currents affect the climate in the coastal lands along which they flow. Cold ocean currents cool the lands they pass and warm ocean currents bring warmth. Mountain ranges cause the windward side of a mountain to be cooler and more humid while the leeward side tends to be warm and drier.
Creative Writing:
The European climate would become much colder and drier without the current forcing Europeans to adapt.
Chapter 3, Section 3
1. Geographers classify the climate regions as tropical, midlatitude, high latitude, and highland. They then divide these major regions into smaller ones that have their own characteristic soils and natural vegetation.
2. Human interaction with the environment influences the climate over time. Burning fossil fuels releases gases that mix with water in the air causing acid rain. Acid rain destroys forests which can lead to a climatic change.
Creative Writing:
I live in a marine west coast climate where ocean winds bring cool summers and cool, damp winters. There are mixed forests that consist of coniferous and deciduous trees.
Sunday, September 27, 2009
Sunday, September 20, 2009
Chapter 2 homework
Chapter 2 Section 1
1. Earth’s surface is composed of water such as oceans, lakes, and rivers and land including continents and islands. Land makes up part of Earth called the lithosphere and water makes up the hydrosphere. Earth’s landforms include mountain ranges, cliffs, valleys, and trenches on land and the ocean floor.
2. Mount Everest in South Asia is 29,028 feet above sea level, the greatest distance on Earth above sea level.
Creative Writing:
Some meteoroids and comets do not have any effects on Earth because they dissolve in the atmosphere. But many objects can impact the earth’s crust, changing the surface permanently. Debris from the impact can enter the atmosphere causing temporary, but not a permanent change that can affect earth’s air quality sometimes leading to death. One of the most memorable meteoroids is the one that caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. This undeniably had a long term effect on Earth’s biosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere.
Chapter 2, Section 2
1. Plate tectonics, refers to all the physical processes that create many of Earth’s physical features. They are possibly caused by heat rising from Earth’s core causing currents within the mantel which Earth’s crust “floats upon”. These currents may cause the plates to shift which can lead to plates colliding, pulling apart, and grinding together. This can lead to the formation of mountains, volcanoes, and trenches that alter Earth’s physical appearance.
2. Internal forces seem to create more landmasses, such as islands, mountains, and volcanoes and external forces seem to erode much of Earth’s surface. Internal forces seem to be led by intense heat, such as magma and external forces seem to be led by coldness, such as ice from glaciers.
Creative Writing:
The North American plate has been forced against the Pacific Plate creating mountains, volcanoes and faults, such as the San Andreas. Plate movements have led to earthquakes and possibly tsunamis along the western coast effecting humans and Earth. Hotspots have created the famous hot springs in Yellowstone National Park and have created the Hawaiian Islands.
1. Earth’s surface is composed of water such as oceans, lakes, and rivers and land including continents and islands. Land makes up part of Earth called the lithosphere and water makes up the hydrosphere. Earth’s landforms include mountain ranges, cliffs, valleys, and trenches on land and the ocean floor.
2. Mount Everest in South Asia is 29,028 feet above sea level, the greatest distance on Earth above sea level.
Creative Writing:
Some meteoroids and comets do not have any effects on Earth because they dissolve in the atmosphere. But many objects can impact the earth’s crust, changing the surface permanently. Debris from the impact can enter the atmosphere causing temporary, but not a permanent change that can affect earth’s air quality sometimes leading to death. One of the most memorable meteoroids is the one that caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. This undeniably had a long term effect on Earth’s biosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere.
Chapter 2, Section 2
1. Plate tectonics, refers to all the physical processes that create many of Earth’s physical features. They are possibly caused by heat rising from Earth’s core causing currents within the mantel which Earth’s crust “floats upon”. These currents may cause the plates to shift which can lead to plates colliding, pulling apart, and grinding together. This can lead to the formation of mountains, volcanoes, and trenches that alter Earth’s physical appearance.
2. Internal forces seem to create more landmasses, such as islands, mountains, and volcanoes and external forces seem to erode much of Earth’s surface. Internal forces seem to be led by intense heat, such as magma and external forces seem to be led by coldness, such as ice from glaciers.
Creative Writing:
The North American plate has been forced against the Pacific Plate creating mountains, volcanoes and faults, such as the San Andreas. Plate movements have led to earthquakes and possibly tsunamis along the western coast effecting humans and Earth. Hotspots have created the famous hot springs in Yellowstone National Park and have created the Hawaiian Islands.
Sunday, September 13, 2009
Chapter 1, Section 1
1.Cartographers must take into account the use of the map, such as being used for sea travel (in which case a Mercator Projection would be the most useful) or for other reasons such as comparing the size and shape of Earth’s landmasses (where Goode’s Interrupted Equal-Area Projection would be appropriate). On most world map projections the Earth’s Poles are greatly distorted but nearer to the equator size is more accurate, this adds to a Cartographers concern of the accuracy of Earth’s distances and sizes of land areas when selecting a map projection.
2. A typical urban-area map should show water features such as rivers, lakes, and streams and land forms such as mountains and valleys to represent physical features. Human-made features could consist of cities, roads, and capitals. The locations of countries and states and their boundaries would be used to show political features.
Creative Writing:
Population rates, earthquake-prone areas, major streets and highways, surrounding neighborhoods and schools would be useful features to show on a map.
Chapter 1, Section 2
1. The major branches of geography are Physical Geography and Human Geography. Physical Geography focuses on climate, land, water, plants, and animal life and their relationships to each other and humans. Human Geography is the study of human activities and focuses on political, economic, social, and cultural factors and their relationship to the cultural and physical environments.
2. Geography is used to provide insight into how things developed in the past, interprets current trends for future planning, and determine whether an area is suitable for humans.
Creative Writing:
Huntington Beach is a seaside city along the Pacific Ocean known for its unique waves and mild climate. Huntington Beach is built upon a natural fault structure containing oil. Near the beach there are wetlands, home to many species of birds, protected by the Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve. Construction along the beach is prohibited without the vote of the people to keep a natural tie to the ocean.
1.Cartographers must take into account the use of the map, such as being used for sea travel (in which case a Mercator Projection would be the most useful) or for other reasons such as comparing the size and shape of Earth’s landmasses (where Goode’s Interrupted Equal-Area Projection would be appropriate). On most world map projections the Earth’s Poles are greatly distorted but nearer to the equator size is more accurate, this adds to a Cartographers concern of the accuracy of Earth’s distances and sizes of land areas when selecting a map projection.
2. A typical urban-area map should show water features such as rivers, lakes, and streams and land forms such as mountains and valleys to represent physical features. Human-made features could consist of cities, roads, and capitals. The locations of countries and states and their boundaries would be used to show political features.
Creative Writing:
Population rates, earthquake-prone areas, major streets and highways, surrounding neighborhoods and schools would be useful features to show on a map.
Chapter 1, Section 2
1. The major branches of geography are Physical Geography and Human Geography. Physical Geography focuses on climate, land, water, plants, and animal life and their relationships to each other and humans. Human Geography is the study of human activities and focuses on political, economic, social, and cultural factors and their relationship to the cultural and physical environments.
2. Geography is used to provide insight into how things developed in the past, interprets current trends for future planning, and determine whether an area is suitable for humans.
Creative Writing:
Huntington Beach is a seaside city along the Pacific Ocean known for its unique waves and mild climate. Huntington Beach is built upon a natural fault structure containing oil. Near the beach there are wetlands, home to many species of birds, protected by the Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve. Construction along the beach is prohibited without the vote of the people to keep a natural tie to the ocean.
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