Chapter 22 homework

Chapter 22, Section 1


1.The continue practice of cash-crop production has created problems for African economies: Reliance on one or two export crops is extremely risky. An unfavorable growing season or a drop in prices on the world market can have disastrous effect on a country’s economy. Cash-crop production also creates problems for framers truing to meet their own food needs because plantations and other large-scale farms take all the best land.


2. Nigeria plans to link all parts of its railroad system. Uganda is scheduling repairs on the heavily traveled Trans-African Highway. New satellite technology will improve the reach of television.


Creative Writing:
Africa south of the Sahara is the poorest region in the world and owes billions of dollars in debt to foreign countries. Carrying such enormous debt makes economic development difficult. The region has long relied on radio, with state-run stations providing global programming. Television reaches fewer people because the land relay systems for transmitting TV signals are very costly outside urban areas. Telephone service is also limited. Low literacy rates limit the use of traditional media.

Chapter 22, Section 2


1. Drought and human activities, such as wars, contribute to food shortages. As the climate has become drier and as people and animals have stripped the Sahel of its vegetation, the desert has crept father south.


2. Democratic reforms are taking root in countries such as Ghana, Nigeria, and Liberia. Efforts to encourage private enterprise have also had positive results. New ranching laws have allowed people to engage in crocodile farming, a highly profitable business that has brought this species back from low numbers due to trapping and hunting.


Creative Writing:
The protection of tropical forests is a priority in the region. As the climate has become drier and as people and animals have stripped the Sahel of its vegetation, the desert has crept father south. With the protection of the forests, vegetation should increase reducing desertification and allowing animals to multiply.

Alternative Fuel Summation

1. I think Solar Power is most ready for mass production. Solar Panels are already widely created, distributed, and installed. Many homes use solar energy to light their homes and heat water. There are also cars the run entirely or partial on solar power.



2. I think Hydrogen would be the best substitute for gasoline. It is already used to completely or partial power cars as a substitute for gasoline. Hydrogen releases clean emissions and would be a “clean” alternative.



3. I believe Ethanol has the most problems to overcome before mass production. It will be used to power cars and normal engines cannot withstand the corrosion caused by ethanol. People would also need to harness more farmland to mass produce Ethanol.



4. I believe Solar Power with have the least amount of impact on the environment at maximum production. The only emissions currently being released are caused by transportation which involves gasoline. Once EVERYTHING is powered by the sun then everything will be cleanly powered with no emissions.



5.I believe Nuclear Power will have the greatest impact on the environment at maximum production. It relies on water, which is non-renewable, to be produced. Earth’s freshwater supply would be depleted, which would affect countries at a great rate than Global Warming.



Short Essay:
I have discovered that all alternative fuels have flaws and benefits. To harness these benefits and lessen the affects of the flaws, countries would most likely rely on a combination of alternative fuels to supply energy. One of major problems is the fact that we are still relying on gasoline and other non-renewable resources to mass produce alternative fuels. However, once we have solved major problems, Global Warming would lessen and the world would be much “cleaner”. Many of these fuels are realistic and are already being used as a substitute for gasoline. The automobile industry would need to change cars to accommodate to a new fuel being used to power it in the place of gasoline. I would use definitely use Solar Power, Wind Power, Hydrogen and Ethanol as Alternative Fuels to replace gasoline and other fuels.